Bibliography

A

Ahlfeldt, Gabriel M. and Pietrostefani, Elizabetta. 2017. The Economic Effects of density: A synthesis. Munich Society for the Promotion of Economic Research ‐ CESifo.

Albouy, David and Ehrlich, Gabriel. 2017. “Metropolitan Land Values1.” University of Illinois, Campaign-Urbana. https://experts.illinois.edu/en/publications/metropolitan-land-values

Arrington, Benjamin. 2012. Free homes for free men: A political history of the homestead act. Topeka: Digital Commons University of Kansas.

Azar, Alex, interview by Jake Tapper. 2020. Azar lays part of blame for COVID-19 death toll on state of Americans’ health CNN. May 17. https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/17/politics/us-health-conditions-coronavirus-alex-azar-cnntv/index.html.

B

Babcock, Richard and Bosselman, Fred. 1973. Exclusionary Zoning in the 1970's. New York: Praeger .

Baker, Marissa. 2020. Non-relocatable Occupations at Increased Risk During Pandemics. April 18. https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305738.

Balk, Kristen and Fry, Richard. 2019. Millennial life: How young adulthood today compares with prior generations. February 14. https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/essay/Millennial-life-how-young-adulthood-today-compares-with-prior-generations/.

Barber, William J. and Dolan, Karen. 2018. “Trump’s war on the poor has just begun.” The Washington Post, July 18. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/trumps-war-on-the-poor-has-just-begun/2018/07/18/ae0a1b3c-8abc-11e8-85ae-511bc1146b0b_story.html.

Barr, Jason and .Smith, Fred et al. 2018. “What’s Manhattan worth? A land values index from 1950 to 2014.” Regional Science and Urban Economics 70.

Bauman, John F., and Roger, eds. Biles. 2000. From Tenements to the Taylor Homes: In Search of an Urban Housing Policy in Twentieth century America. Pennsylvania State University Press.

Beckett, Andy. 201. “The right to buy: the housing crisis that Thatcher built.” The Guardian, August 26: 5.

Been, Vicki. 2005. “Impact Fees and Housing Affordability.” Cityscape: A Journal of Policy Development and Research 8 (1). https://www.huduser.gov/periodicals/cityscpe/vol8num1/ch4.pdf.

Bell, Michael E. and Bowman, John H. 2006. Methods of Valuing Land for Real Property Taxation:. Cambridge, Ma.: Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. https://www.lincolninst.edu/sites/default/files/pubfiles/1120_Bowman_complete_web.pdf.

Bell, Michael. 2002. Methods of Valuing Land for Real Property Taxation:. Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. https://www.lincolninst.edu/sites/default/files/pubfiles/1120_Bowman_complete_web.pdf.

Berg, Steve. 2014. “Housing programs concentrate poverty in a few metro locations, report finds.” MinnPost, July 2. https://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2014/02/housing-programs-concentrate-poverty-few-metro-locations-report-finds/.

Bloom, Nicholas Dagen. 2016. Affordable Housing in New York: The People, Places, and Policies That Transformed a City. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.

Boarderless Charity, Inc. 2017. Public Housing in the United States: Where It is Today. December 15. https://medium.com/@TheCharity/public-housing-in-the-united-states-where-it-is-today-761826f6a43.

Boerne, Dean. 2020. After Supreme Court Denial, What’s Next For NIMBYs And Inclusionary Zoning? January 7. https://www.bisnow.com/national/news/affordable-housing/whats-next-for-inclusionary-zoning-102410.

Brooks, David. 2020. “How Moderates Failed Black America.” New York Times, June 18. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/18/opinion/black-america-education.html?action=click&block=associated_collection_recirc&impression_id=769041678&index=0&pgtype=Article&region=footer.

Bryan, William Jennings. 1897. “One of the Foremost thinkers of the world.” New York Times, October 30. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1897/10/30/105956689.pdf

Bullard, Robert D. 1991. The Wrong Complexion for Protection: How the Government Response to Disaster Endangers African American Communities. New York: New York University Press.

Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce. 2020. Gross Domestic Product, Fourth Quarter and Year 2019 (Advance Estimate). January . https://www.bea.gov/news/2020/gross-domestic-product-fourth-quarter-and-year-2019-advance-estimate

Burnett, Kimberly et. al. 2008. Research on State and Local Means of Increasing Affordable Housing. National Association of Home Builders . https://www.nahb.org/-/media/NAHB/nahb-community/docs/research-on-state-and-local-means-of-increasing-affordable-housing-2008.pdf

C

Canada, Statistics. 2020. Building construction price indexes, percentage change, quarterly. July 8. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1810013502

Caro, Robert. 1974. The power broker: Robert Moses and the fall of New York. New York: Knopf.

Casselman, Ben. 2015. The Tax Deductions Economists Hate. April 3. https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-tax-deductions-economists-hate/

Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. 2019. Federal Rental Assistance Fact Sheets. December 10. https://www.cbpp.org/research/housing/federal-rental-assistance-fact-sheets#US.

Chicago : Council of Planning Librarians,. 1987. Pruitt-Igoe: an annotated bibliography. Chicago: Council of Planning Librarians.

City of Cambridge. 2020. “Affordable Housing Overlay Ordinance.” City of Cambridge MA., June 10. https://www.cambridgema.gov/-/media/Files/CDD/ZoningDevel/Amendments/2020/affordablehousingoverlay2020refiled/zngamend_aho_petition_20200610.pdf.

City of Portland. 2019. “ACCESSORY DWELLING UNITS.” Ordinance. https://www.portland.gov/sites/default/files/2020-09/accessory-dwelling-units_final_signed_031519.pdf.

Condon, Patrick. 2010. Seven rules for sustainable communities. Washington, D.C. : Island Press.

—. 2018. “How Vienna Cracked the Case of Housing Affordability.” The Tyee, June 6. https://thetyee.ca/Solutions/2018/06/06/Vienna-Housing-Affordability-Case-Cracked/.

Corbusier, Le. 1967. The radiant city : elements of a doctrine of urbanism to be used as the basis of our machine-age civilization / Le Corbusier; translated from the French by Pamela Knight, Eleanor Levieux, Derek Coltman. London: Faber, 1967.

Cox, Lawanda. 1958. “The Promise of Land for the Freedmen.” The Mississippi Valley Historical Review (Oxford University Press on behalf of Organization of American Historians) Vol. 45, No. 3 (No. 3 ).

Crain, Caleb. 2019. “State of the Unions.” The New Yorker, August 19. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/08/26/state-of-the-unions.

D

Dadkhah, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. 2009. The Reagan-Thatcher Revolution: The Age of Hayek and Schumpeter. Berlin: Springer.

Daniel, Pete. 1979. “The Metamorphosis of Slavery, 1865-1900.” The Journal of American History ( Oxford University Press on behalf of Organization of American Historians) 66 (1).

Data USA. 2020. https://datausa.io/profile/geo/fitchburg-ma.

Davidson, Nial. 2011. Historical Materialism 19 (4).

De Mille, Agnes George. 1993. Who was Henry George. Accessed July 1, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20060212232234/http://www.henrygeorgefoundation.us/who.

Demographia. 2000. International Urbanized Areas Ranked:. July 29. http://www.demographia.com/db-intlua-popratior.htm.

Dewey, John. 1928. Significant Paragraphs from Henry George’s Progress and Poverty. New York: Robert Schalkenbach Foundation.

Dickens, Charles. 1842. American Notes. Chapman & Hall.

dollars.com. n.d. Historical pricing for Cars since 1953. https://www.in2013dollars.com/New-cars/price-inflation.

Dougherty, Connor. 2020. “12 People in a 3-Bedroom House, Then the Virus Entered the Equation.” New York Times, August 1. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/01/business/economy/housing-overcrowding-coronavirus.html.

Douglas, Erin. 2020. “Wage and salary growth in Houston among slowest lowest in U.S.” Houston Chronicle, Feb 7. https://www.houstonchronicle.com/business/bizfeed/article/Wage-and-salary-growth-in-Houston-among-slowest-15035759.php#:~:text=Total%20compensation%2C%20too%2C%20which%20includes,about%202.6%20%%20a%20year.

Duffin, Erin. 2020. U.S. population share by generation 2019. July 20. https://www.statista.com/statistics/296974/us-population-share-by-generation/.

Duncan, Greg J. , Murname, Richard. 2011. Whither Opportunity. New York City: Sage Foundation.

Editorial Board. 2019. “America’s Millennial Baby Bust.” Wall Street Journal, May 28. https://www.wsj.com/articles/americas-Millennial-baby-bust-11559086198.

Evans, Michele, K et al. 2020. “Diagnosing and Treating Systemic Racism.” The New England Journal of Medicine, June 10. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMe2021693.

F

Fearn, Hannah. 2014. “If housing were seen as infrastructure there would be a lot more of it.” The Guardian, January 31. https://www.theguardian.com/housing-network/editors-blog/2014/jan/31/affordable-housing-infrastructure-investment.

Fidler, Derek. 2019. The cost of housing is tearing our society apart. January 9. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/01/why-housing-appreciation-is-killing-housing/.

Fink, Camile. 2019. Opinion: End of Single-Family Zoning Won’t Solve Minneapolis’ Housing Problems. Oct 8. https://www.planetizen.com/news/2019/10/106557-opinion-end-single-family-zoning-won-t-solve-minneapolis-housing-problems.

Florida, Richard. 2019. “Does Upzoning Boost the Housing Supply and Lower Prices? Maybe Not.” Bloomberg Citylab, January 31. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-01-31/zoning-reform-isn-t-a-silver-bullet-for-u-s-housing.

—. 2013. “How Walkability Shapes Political Activism.” Bloomberg Citylab, July 5. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-07-05/how-walkability-shapes-political-activism.

—. 2017. “The Staggering Value of Urban Land.” Bloomberg, November 22. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-11-02/america-s-urban-land-is-worth-a-staggering-amount.

Fontinelle, Amy. 2019. American Debt: Mortgage Debt Reaches $8.94 Trillion in 1Q 2018. June 25. https://www.investopedia.com/personal-finance/american-debt-mortgage-debt/.

Förster, Wolfgang and Menking, William Eds. 2016. The Vienna Model: Housing for the Twenty-First century City. Berlin: Jovis.

Fox, Stephen R. 1985. “The Amateur Tradition: People and Politics” The American Conservation Movement: John Muir and His Legacy. Madison Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin.

Freddie Mac. 2019. Profile of Today’s Renter and Homeowner. Freddie Mac. http://www.freddiemac.com/fmac-resources/research/pdf/Freddie_Mac_Profile_of_Todays_Renter_and_Homeowner.pdf.

Friedman, Milton. 1962. Capitalism and Freedom. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Fuchs, Hailey. 2020. “Trump Moves to Roll Back Obama Program Addressing Housing Discrimination.” The New York Times, July 23. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/23/us/politics/trump-housing-discrimination-suburbs.html.

Furth, Salum. 2020. Automobiles Seeded the Massive Coronavirus Epidemic in New York City. April 19. https://marketurbanism.com/2020/04/19/automobiles-seeded-the-massive-coronavirus-epidemic-in-new-york-city/.

G

Gaffney, Mason. 1993. Neo-classical Economics as a Stratagem against Henry George. Sydney, NSW: Macquarie University School of Economic and Financial Studies. https://masongaffney.org/publications/K1Neo-classical_Stratagem.CV.pdf.

Gafney, Mason and Harrison, Fred. 1994. The corruption of economics. London: : Shepheard-Walwyn in association with Centre for Incentive Taxation.

Galbraith, John Kenneth. 1958. The Affluent Society . Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

GAO. 2000. Local Growth Issues—Federal Opportunities and Challenges. Washington DC: GAO. https://www.gao.gov/assets/240/230572.pdf.

Garner, Anne. 2015. Cholera Comes to New York City. February 3. https://nyamcenterforhistory.org/2015/02/03/cholera-comes-to-new-york-city/.

George, Henry Jr. 1900. The Life of Henry George . Poole.

George, Henry. 1879. Progress and Poverty. New York: D. Appleton and Co. .

George, Henry, Jr. 1900. The life of Henry George. New York: Doubleday & McClure company. https://archive.org/details/lifehenrygeorge01georgoog.

Gotham, Kevin Fox. 2000. “ Separate and Unequal: The Housing Act of 1968 and the Section 235 Program.” Sociological Forum 15 (1).

Gov. UK. n.d. Renting social housing. https://www.ethnicity-facts-figures.service.gov.uk/housing/social-housing/renting-from-a-local-authority-or-housing-association-social-housing/latest#:~:text=data%20'shows%20that%3A-,in%202016%20to%202018%2C%2017%25%20of%20households%20(3.9%20million,Briti.

Grounded Solutions. 2019. Linkage Fee Programs. https://inclusionaryhousing.org/designing-a-policy/program-structure/linkage-fee-programs/.

Gutheil-Knopp-Kirchwald, Gerlinde and Kadi, Justin. 2017. “Housing policy and spatial inequality: recent insights from Vienna and Amsterdam.” In Public or private goods? : Redefining Res Publica , by Unger Bridgette. Cheltenham, UK: Elgaronline Elgar Economics.

Gutman, David. 2020. “After months of pleading for social distancing, health officials support protests. Seattle Black Lives Matter warns of dangers.” The Seattle Times 2020, June 5. https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/health/after-months-of-pleading-for-coronavirus-social-distancing-health-officials-supportive-of-protests-black-lives-matter-calls-them-too-dangerous/.

H

Habberman, Maggie. 2017. “Munchin’s Wife Mocks Oregon Woman over Lifestyle and Wealth.” New York Times, August 22.

Harris, Dr Jeffery E. 2020. “Why the subways are a prime suspect: Scientific evidence that NYC public transit spread the coronavirus.” New York Daily News, April 19. https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/ny-oped-why-the-subways-are-a-prime-culprit-20200419-kkqwbd5yx5gk7awngy4d7j4zfa-story.html.

Harris, Jeffery E. 2020. “The Subways Seeded the Massive Coronavirus Epidemic in New York City.” National Bureau of Economics Research, Working Paper 27021. http://web.mit.edu/jeffrey/harris/HarrisJE_WP2_COVID19_NYC_24-Apr-2020.pdf.

Harvard School of Public Health. 2020. “Coronavirus and Air Pollution.” July. https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/c-change/subtopics/coronavirus-and-pollution/.

Hawes, Michael. 2010. The Law of Rent – the concept. August 25. https://www.ethicaleconomics.org.uk/2010/08/the-law-of-rent-the-concept/#:~:text=The%20Law%20of%20Rent%2C%20as,’&text=Economic%20rent%20is%20a%20'surplus%2C%20not%20a%20charge.

Hayek, Friedrich. 1944. The road to serfdom. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Hays, R. Allen. 1995. The Federal Government and Urban Housing: Ideology and Change in Public Policy. Albany N.Y. : State University of New York Press.

Henry George Foundation. 2010. Winston Churchill & Henry George. https://www.ethicaleconomics.org.uk/2010/10/winston-churchill-henry-george/.

Hepburn, Cameron et al. 2020. Will COVID-19 fiscal recovery packages accelerate or retard progress on climate change? Smith School Working Paper 20-02, Oxford Review of Economic Policy. https://www.smithschool.ox.ac.uk/publications/wpapers/workingpaper20-02.pdf.

Home for all San Mateo County. n.d. Housing overlay zones (HOZS). https://homeforallsmc.org/toolkits/housing-overlay-zones/.

Horowitz, E. 2018. “Go a few more miles in your career.” The Boston Globe, February 16. https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2018/02/16/few-more-miles-your-career/kjz1TuspX1i02dLYS1NHjL/story.html.

Hueble, Steve. 2019. Homeownership Rates in Canada Still Among Highest Globally. March 4. https://www.canadianmortgagetrends.com/2019/03/homeownership-rates-in-canada-still-among-highest-globally/#:~:text=As%20of%202016%20(the%20most,a%20homeownership%20rate%20of%2063.4%25.

J

Jackson, Kenneth T. 1985. Crabgrass frontier: the suburbanization of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press.

Jacobs, Jane. 1961. The Death and Life of Great American Cities. New York: Random House.

Jan, Tracy. 2018. “Redlining was banned 50 years ago. It’s still hurting minorities today.” The Washington Post, March 28. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2018/03/28/redlining-was-banned-50-years-ago-its-still-hurting-minorities-today/.

Jones, Chuck. 2020. “Ignore GDP Plunging 33%. Pay Attention To The 9.5% Decline.” Forbes, July 31. https://www.forbes.com/sites/chuckjones/2020/07/31/ignore-gdp-plunging-33-pay-attention-to-the-95-decline/#423332640c6a.

Jones, Peter. 1987. “Henry George and British Labor Politics.” The American Journal of Economics and Sociology Vol. 46, No. 2: 245-256. https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca/stable/3485997.

K

KATU. 2020. “Portland City Council passes Residential Infill Project.” KATU2, August 12. https://katu.com/news/local/portland-city-council-passes-residential-infill-project.

Kautz, Barbara. 2002. “In Defense of Inclusionary Zoning: Successfully Creating Affordable Housing.” University of San Francisco Law Review 36. https://repository.usfca.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1060&context=usflawreview.

Kelly, Kate. 2020. “‘The Big Short 2.0’: How Hedge Funds Profited Off the Pain of Malls.” The New York Times, Aug. 24 24. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/24/business/mall-short-hedge-funds.html.

Keyser Marston Associates, Inc. 2016. “Affordable housing nexus studies, City of Albany California.” California nexus study. . https://alamedamgr.files.wordpress.com/2018/07/albany-affordable-housing-nexus-study-december-2016.pdf.

King, Dr. Martin Luther. 2003. A Testament of Hope: The Essential Writings and Speeches. New York: Harper Collins.

Knoll, Katharina et al. 2014. “Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, Globalization and Monetary Policy Institute Working Paper No. 208.” https://www.dallasfed.org/~/media/documents/institute/wpapers/2014/0208.pdf.

Krugman, Paul. 2020. The case for permanent stimulus. May 10. https://voxeu.org/article/case-permanent-stimulus.

—. 2010. “The new economic geography , now middle aged.” Association of American Geographers,. http://www.princeton.edu/~pkrugman/aag.pdf.

L

Landis, John, et. al. 2001. Pay to Play: Residential Development Fees in California Cities and Counties. Sacramento, CA: California Department of Housing and Community Development. https://www.novoco.com/sites/default/files/atoms/files/pay2play.pdf.

Lee, Jennifer. 2008. “New York and the Panic of 1873.” New York Times, Oct. 4.

Leonhardt, David. 2020. “The Black-White Wage Gap Is as Big as It Was in 1950.” New York Times, June 25. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/25/opinion/sunday/race-wage-gap.html.

Lewis, Michael. 2011. The big short: inside the doomsday machine / Michael Lewis. New York: W.W. Norton.

Linklater, Ando. 2002. Measuring America. New York: Penguin.

Locke, John. 1689. Two Treatises of Government. Awnsham Churchill.

Loyd, Aleyanna. 2019. U.S. housing market value climbs to $33.3 trillion in 2018. January 4. https://www.housingwire.com/articles/47847-us-housing-market-value-climbs-to-333-trillion-in-2018/#:~:text=In%202018%2C%20the%20total%20value,to%20new%20data%20from%20Zillow.

Luhby, Tami. 2020. “Nearly 40 percent of low-income workers lost their jobs in March.” CNN, May 15. https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/14/economy/low-income-layoffs-coronavirus/index.html.

M

Manhertz, Treh. 2020. Recovery Riches: The U.S. Housing Market Gained $11 Trillion in Value in the 2010's. June 16. https://www.zillow.com/research/us-total-housing-value-2019-26369/.

—. 2020. Recovery Riches: The U.S. Housing Market Gained $11 Trillion in Value in the 2010's. January 16. https://www.zillow.com/research/us-total-housing-value-2019-26369/.

Martin, Emmie. 2017. “Here’s how much more expensive it is for you to go to college than it was for your parents.” CNBC, November 29. https://www.cnbc.com/2017/11/29/how-much-college-tuition-has-increased-from-1988-to-2018.html#:~:text=Students%20at%20public%20four%2Dyear,the%202017%2D2018%20school%20year.&text=For%20the%202017%2D2018%20school%20year%2C%20it’s,%2434%2C740%2C%20a%20129%2.

—. Here’s how many millennials got money from their parents to buy their homes. CNBC. Mar. 20. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/03/11/how-many-millennials-got-money-to-buy-homes-from-their-parents.html

Mass. Department of Public Health. 2020. COVID-19 Public Health Report. July 8. https://www.mass.gov/doc/weekly-COVID-19-public-health-report-july-8-2020/download.

McDonnell, Tim. 2017. “Slum Dwellers In Africa’s Biggest Megacity Are Now Living In Canoes.” NPR. May 15. https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2017/05/15/528461093/slum-dwellers-in-africas-biggest-megacity-are-now-living-in-canoes.

McGerr, Michael. 2003. A Fierce Discontent: The Rise and Fall of the Progressive Era. New York: Free Press .

McIntosh, , Kristen. 2020. Examining the Black-white wealth gap. February 27. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2020/02/27/examining-the-black-white-wealth-gap/.

Meja, Merisol, and Cha, Paulette. 2020. Overcrowded Housing and COVID-19 Risk among Essential Workers. May 12. https://www.ppic.org/blog/overcrowded-housing-and-COVID-19-risk-among-essential-workers/.

Merritt, Keri Leigh. 2016. Land and the roots of African-American poverty. March 11. https://aeon.co/ideas/land-and-the-roots-of-african-american-poverty.

—. 2017. Masterless men : poor whites and slavery in the antebellum South. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Miller, George. 2000. On fairness and efficiency. Bristol, UK: The Policy Press.

Moore, Antonio. 2016. Inequality. October 18. https://inequality.org/research/black-wealth-exists/.

N

Nareit. n.d. History of REITs & Real-estate Investing. https://www.reit.com/what-reit/history-reits.

National Fair Housing Alliance. 2008. Dr. King’s Dream Denied: Forty Years of Failed Federal Enforcement: 2008 Fair Housing Trends Report.” National Fair Housing Alliance. April 8, 2008. National Fair Housing Alliance.

National Housing Law Project; the Poverty & Race Research Action Council; Sherwood Research Associates, and Everywhere and Now Public Housing Residents Organizing Nationally Together. 2002. “False Hope.” http://www.narpac.org/ITXFALSE.HTM.

Nazu, Bernard and Trillo, Claudia. 2020. “Harnessing the real-estate market for equitable affordable housing provision: insights from the city of Santa Monica, California.” Housing Studies (Taylor & Francis). https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/ref/10.1080/02673037.2020.1746244?scroll=top.

Nero, Dorn. 2019. “In It’s A Wonderful Life, Pottersville Actually Looks Way More Fun Than Bedford Falls.” Esquire, December 24. https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/movies/a30315437/its-a-wonderful-life-pottersville-better-than-bedford-falls/.

Newman, Oscar. 1972. Defensible space : crime prevention through urban design. New York: Macmillan.

Nicholas, T and Scherbina, A. 2013. “Real-estate prices during the roaring twenties and the great depression.” Real-estate Economics (Wiley).

NYTimes. 2018. “Political Bubbles and Hidden Diversity: Highlights From a Very Detailed Map of the 2016 Election.” New York Times, July 25. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/07/25/upshot/precinct-map-highlights.html.

O

Ocasio-Cortez, Alexandria. 2020. Ahead of Hearing, Ocasio-Cortez Condemns the Real-estate Industry’s Request to Use Federal Bailout Funds to Enrich Shareholders. July 14. https://www.commondreams.org/newswire/2020/07/14/ahead-hearing-ocasio-cortez-condemns-real-estate-industrys-request-use-federal.

Olick, Diana. 2018. Want to buy a house? How long you’ll have to save depends on where you live. July 13. https://www.cnbc.com/2018/07/13/want-to-buy-a-house-this-is-how-long-youll-have-to-save.html#:~:text=For%20the%20average%20renter%20buying,%%20some%20financial%20experts%20recommend.

Olorunnipa, Toluse. 2020. “Trump tries to win over ‘Suburban Housewives’ with repeal of anti-segregation housing rule.” The Washington Post, July 23. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-suburbs-biden-housing-suburban-housewives/2020/07/23/2f269980-ccf5-11ea-bc6a-6841b28d9093_story.html.

Oppel, Richard A. et al. 2020. “The Fullest Look Yet at the Racial Inequity of Coronavirus.” New York Times , July 5. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/07/05/us/coronavirus-latinos-african-americans-cdc-data.html.

P

Parker, Kim et. al. 2018. Demographic and economic trends in urban, suburban and rural communities. May 22. https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2018/05/22/demographic-and-economic-trends-in-urban-suburban-and-rural-communities/.

Parker-Pope, Tara. 2020. “Can I Get Coronavirus From Riding an Elevator?” The New York Times, May 13. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/13/well/live/can-i-get-coronavirus-from-riding-an-elevator.html.

Piketty, Thomas. 2020. Capital and Ideology. Cambridge, Ma.: Harvard University Press.

—. 2014. Capital in the 21st century. Cambridge Mass: President and Fellows of Harvard College.

Piketty, Thomas. 2015. Thomas Piketty and Joseph Stiglitz on Inequality. April 8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=7500&v=Fg6UwAQJUVo&feature=emb_logo.

Pinsker, Joe. 2020. “The New Boomerang Kids Could Change American Views of Living at Home.” The Atlantic , July 3. https://www.theatlantic.com/family/archive/2020/07/pandemic-young-adults-living-with-parents/613723/.

Porter, Douglas and Davison, Elizabeth. 2009. “Evaluation of In-Lieu Fees and Offsite Construction as Incentives for Affordable Housing Production.” Cityscape (US Department of Housing and Urban Development) 11 (2). https://www.jstor.org/stable/i20868698.

Portland, City of. 2020. “Introduction and Summary of the Residential Infill Project (RIP) amendments.” Council report, Portland, OR. https://www.portland.gov/sites/default/files/2020-08/exhibit_a_rip_findings_adopted1.pdf.

Portland, City of. 2020. “ORDINANCE No. 190093 As Amended.” Portland, OR. https://www.portland.gov/sites/default/files/2020-08/ordinance_190093_adopted1.pdf.

Prager, Alicia. 2018. Vienna battles rising housing costs — can a new policy fix it? November 2. https://www.euronews.com/2018/10/30/vienna-battles-rising-housing-costs-can-a-new-policy-fix-it.

Preiss, David L. 2017. California “In Lieu” Affordable Housing Fees Withstand Constitutional Challenge. October. https://www.hklaw.com/en/insights/publications/2017/10/california-in-lieu-affordable-housing-fees-withsta.

Property Metrics. 2019. Residual Techniques in Real-estate Valuation. July 23. https://propertymetrics.com/blog/residual-techniques-in-real-estate-valuation/.

Q

Quealy, Kevin. 2020. “The Richest Neighborhoods Emptied Out Most as Coronavirus Hit New York City.” New York Times, May 15. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/05/15/upshot/who-left-new-york-coronavirus.html.

Quinn, Michael. 2001. “Sprawl as Strategy: City Planners Face the Bomb.” Journal of Planning Education and Research Volume: 21 issue: 1.

R

Radford, Gail. 1996. Modern Housing for America: Policy Struggles in the New Deal Era. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Reiss, Veronica R. 2017. Viennese planning culture : understanding change and continuity through the Hauptbahnhof. Masters thesis. Vancouver: University of British Columbia School of Community and Regional Planning.

Reuters. 2019. “Berlin spends nearly €1 billion buying back apartments.” Deutsche Welle, August 27. https://www.dw.com/en/berlin-spends-nearly-1-billion-buying-back-apartments/a-50617775.

Ricardo, David. 1817. On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation. London: John Murray.

Rice, Douglas. 2016. Chart Book: Cuts in Federal Assistance Have Exacerbated Families’ Struggles to Afford Housing. April 16. https://www.cbpp.org/research/housing/chart-book-cuts-in-federal-assistance-have-exacerbated-families-struggles-to-afford.

Riley, Frederick J. 2020. “Amid racial injustice and COVID-19, there’s still hope America will become a better place.” USA Today, July 20. https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2020/07/08/why-even-amid-racial-injustice-and-COVID-19-theres-hope-america-column/5389201002/.

Rothstein, Phillip. 2017. The Color of Law. New York: Liveright Publishing Corp. .

Russell, Tonya. 2020. “Racism in care leads to health disparities, doctors and other experts say as they push for change.” The Washington Post, July 11. https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/racism-in-care-leads-to-health-disparities-doctors-and-other-experts-say-as-they-push-for-change/2020/07/10/a1a1e40a-bb9e-11ea-80b9-40ece9a701dc_story.html.

S

Saad, Lydia. 2020. Americans Rapidly Answering the Call to Isolate, Prepare. March 20. https://news.gallup.com/poll/297035/americans-rapidly-answering-call-isolate-prepare.aspx.

Salsberg, Bob. 2018. Analysis: Blacks largely left out of high-paying jobs, government data shows. April 2. https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2018/04/02/analysis-blacks-largely-left-out-high-paying-jobs-government-data-shows/477845002/.

Sarkar, Saurav. 2018. The souls of poor folk. Washington DC: Institute for policy studies. https://ips-dc.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/PPC-Audit-Full-410835a.pdf#page=46.

Schwartz, Gabriel and Jahn, Jaquelyn. 2020. Mapping fatal police violence across U.S. metropolitan areas: Overall rates and racial/ethnic inequities, 2013-2017. San Francisco: Plos One. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0229686.

Scruggs, Gregory. 2018. “Everything we’ve heard about global urbanization turns out to be wrong’ - researchers.” Thompson Reuters Foundation. July 12. http://news.trust.org/item/20180712130016-lwnc2/.

Semuels, Alana. 2015. “How Housing Policy Is Failing America’s Poor.” The Atlantic, June 24.

Silver, Johnathan. 2019. Here’s how much Houston home prices have jumped in just 5 years. March 26. https://houston.culturemap.com/news/real-estate/03-20-19-point2-houston-home-price-increase-north-america-report/.

Simpson, Michael. 1969. VILLAGE OF EUCLID V. AMBLER REALTY CO. https://case.edu/ech/articles/v/village-euclid-v-ambler-realty-co.

Smith, Adam. 1776. The Wealth of Nations. London: W. Strahan and T. Cadell.

Smith, Nicole. n.d. Neoliberalism. https://www.britannica.com/topic/neoliberalism.

Sparkes, Sam. 2019. Poorest Cities in Massachusetts for 2020. December 24. https://www.roadsnacks.net/poorest-places-in-massachusetts/#topTen.

Stahl, Ashley. 2020. “New Study: Millennial Women Are Delaying Having Children Due To Their Careers.” Forbes, May 1. https://www.forbes.com/sites/ashleystahl/2020/05/01/new-study-Millennial-women-are-delaying-having-children-due-to-their-careers/#49439eb7276a.

Stamm, Everett and Taylor LaJoie. 2020. An Overview of the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit. Washington DC: The Tax Foundation. https://files.taxfoundation.org/20200810100355/An-Overview-of-the-Low-Income-Housing-Tax-Credit.pdf.

Stansbury, Anna and Summers, Larry. 2020. “Declining Worker Power and American Economic.” Brookings papers on economic activity. Brookings Institute. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Stansbury-Summers-Conference-Draft.pdf.

Stein, Clarence S. 1957. Toward New Towns for America, Revised Edition. MIT Press.

Stiglitz. 2020. Priorities for the COVID-19 Economy. July 1. https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/COVID-2020-recession-how-to-respond-by-joseph-e-stiglitz-2020-06?barrier=accesspaylog.

Stolba, Stefan Lembo. 2019. Baby Boomers’ Student Loan Debt Continues to Grow. July 18. https://www.experian.com/blogs/ask-experian/research/baby-boomers-and-student-loan-debt/.

Summers, Graham. 2017. The Everything Bubble. 

T

Tartar, Brent. n.d. Encyclopedia Virginia. https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Vagrancy_Act_of_1866.

Taylor, Alan. 2011. “Occupy Wall Street Spreads Worldwide.” The Atlantic, October 17. https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/10/occupy-wall-street-spreads-worldwide/100171/.

Thaden, Emily and Wang, Ruoniu. 2017. Inclusionary Housing in the United States: Prevalence, Impact, and Practices. Cambridge, Mass.: Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. https://www.lincolninst.edu/sites/default/files/pubfiles/thaden_wp17et1_0.pdf.

The Economist. 2018. “Segregation in America.” The Economist, April 4. https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2018/04/04/segregation-in-america.

—. 2020. “Starting over again.” The Economist, July 25.

The National Urban League. . 2020. The state of black America; Unmasked. New York City: The National Urban League. . http://sobadev.iamempowered.com/sites/soba.iamempowered.com/files/NUL-SOBA-2020-ES-web.pdf.

The Prudential. 2019. “Gig economy impact by generation.” https://www.prudential.com/wps/wcm/connect/1b4fcef8-afc0-4c87-bc12-2ace844aecb3/Gig_Economy_Impact_by_Generation.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=mMoGiuO.

The School of Cooperative Individualism. n.d. Henry George and his Principles, Albert Einstein. https://www.cooperative-individualism.org/einstein-albert_henry-george-and-his-principles-1934.htm.

Thompson, Derick. 2014. “Homeownership in America Has Collapsed—Don’t Blame Millennials.” The Atlantic, Oct 24. https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2014/10/homeownership-is-historically-weakdont-blame-Millennials/382010/.

Thompson, M, and Saltzman, M. 2019. How Minneapolis became the first to end single-family zoning. November 19. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/how-minneapolis-became-the-first-to-end-single-family-zoning.

Thrush, Glen. 2020. “Trump Attacks a Suburban Housing Program. Critics See a Play for White Votes.” The New York Times, July 1. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/01/us/politics/trump-obama-housing-discrimination.html.

Turpov, Mindy and Piper, Valerie. 2005. HOPE VI AND MIXED-FINANCE REDEVELOPMENTS:. Brookings Institute. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060849/http://www.brookings.edu/metro/pubs/AtlantaCaseStudy.pdf.

U

Urban Institute. 2011. Property Taxes. https://www.urban.org/policy-centers/cross-center-initiatives/state-and-local-finance-initiative/projects/state-and-local-backgrounders/property-taxes.

US Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2012. Occupational employment by race and ethnicity, 2011. October 26. https://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2012/ted_20121026.htm.

US Department of Defence. n.d. Charles E. Wilson. https://history.defense.gov/Multimedia/Biographies/Article-View/Article/571268/charles-e-wilson/.

V

Valentine, Ashish, interview by Ashish Valentine. 2020. ‘The Wrong Complexion For Protection.’ How Race Shaped America’s Roadways And Cities NPR. July 5. https://www.npr.org/2020/07/05/887386869/how-transportation-racism-shaped-america?utm_campaign=storyshare&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_medium=social.

Vincent, Joshua. 2019. Non-Glamorous Gains: The Pennsylvania Land Tax Experiment. March 6. https://www.strongtowns.org/journal/2019/3/6/non-glamorous-gains-the-pennsylvania-land-tax-experiment.

Volker, Paul Chairman. 2010. “The Report on Tax Reform Options: The President’s Economic recovery advisory board.” https://web.archive.org/web/20101105201333/http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/microsites/PERAB_Tax_Reform_Report.pdf.

W

Washington, Jesse. 2020. “Why did Black Lives Matter protests attract unprecedented white support?” The Undefeated, June 18. https://theundefeated.com/features/why-did-black-lives-matter-protests-attract-unprecedented-white-support/.

Wigglesworth, Robin. 2020. “How America’s 1percent came to dominate stock ownership.” Financial Post. , Feb 11. https://financialpost.com/investing/how-americas-1-came-to-dominate-stock-ownership.

Wikipedia. n.d. 1978 California Proposition 13. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978_California_Proposition_13#:~:text=Proposition%2013%20(officially%20named%20the,means%20of%20the%20initiative%20process.&text=The%20one%20%%20(1%25),the%20districts%20within%20the%20counties.

Wikipedia. n.d. Estate tax in the United States. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estate_tax_in_the_United_States.

—. 2020. Modal share. June 14. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modal_share.

Wikipedia. n.d. The Henry George Theorem. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_George_theorem.

Williams, Linda Faye. 2010. Constraint of Race: Legacies of White Skin Privilege in America. State College Pa. : Penn State Press.

Williamson, Elizabeth et al. 2020. OpenSAFELY: factors associated with COVID-19 death in 17 million patients. July 8. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2521-4.

Williamson, Mary Lou. 1987. Greenbelt: History of a new town, 1937-1987. Norfolk, Va: Donning Co./Publishers.

Wisconsin Historical Society. n.d. Garden Homes Historic District. https://www.wisconsinhistory.org/Records/NationalRegister/NR1906.

Wood, Gordon S. The American Revolution: A History. 2002. The American Revolution: A History. New York: Modern Library.

Wu, Katherine. 2020. “Study of 17 Million Identifies Crucial Risk Factors for Coronavirus Deaths.” The New York Times, July 8. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/08/health/coronavirus-risk-factors.html?searchResultPosition=1.

Y

Youn, Soo. 2019. 40 percent of Americans don’t have $400 in the bank for emergency expenses: Federal Reserve. May 24. https://abcnews.go.com/US/10-americans-struggle-cover-400-emergency-expense-federal/story?id=63253846#:~:text=Almost%2040%25%20of%20American%20adults,a%20Federal%20Reserve%20survey%20finds.&text=However%2C%2017%25%20of%20adults%20in,of%20their%20current%2.

Z

Zaveri, Mihir. 2020. “‘I Need People to Hear My Voice’: Teens Protest Racism.” The New York Times, June 23. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/23/us/teens-protest-black-lives-matter.html.